In this article about the Decoration Company, we review the architectural style of the Pahlavi period. In this article, stay with us:
In fact, Iranian architecture changed significantly during the Pahlavi period. The architecture in the Reza Khan period largely followed the ancient architecture of the Achaemenid period, and many of the buildings designed and executed in the Reza Khan period, like the buildings of the Achaemenid period, had many columns.
In order to study the architecture of Iran in the Pahlavi period, you must divide it into two parts, the first Pahlavi and the second Pahlavi period.
During the reign of Reza Khan, which is from 1304 to 1320, many constructions were done, such as the construction of schools, railways and universities.
In the first Pahlavi period, the mainstream is ancient neoclassical architecture. In neoclassical architecture, building decorations or facade design elements of ancient Iranian architecture were used, but interior decoration was designed based on new functional needs.
During this period, we can mention the Shahrbani palace, which was one of the most prominent examples of neoclassical architecture.
The tops of the pillars of this building with the symbol of mythical animals and the role of Achaemenid soldiers, which is completely inspired by Achaemenid architecture, and the steps of the building are reminiscent of Apadana Palace.
In 1935, she started to build a museum of ancient Iran and completed it in 1938. In designing and executing the facade and head of this building, the Kasra arch has been modeled.
Because Reza Khan was very interested in Western culture, he created another generation of buildings that also showed signs of Baroque architecture.
In the first Pahlavi period, Iranian neoclassical architecture was greatly strengthened due to Reza Khan’s tendency in the pre-Islamic historical period and good relations with the Nazis, who were the flagship of neoclassical architecture.
In order to implement this style of architecture, the government itself ordered the construction of buildings with this style, and for this reason, it invited European architects to design government buildings in Iran.
Among the features of the Iranian neoclassical archeology, which is also called the national style, we can mention a few cases:
- Large and high porches at the entrances
- Columns and capitals in the style of Persepolis
- Design of windows and frames in the style of Persepolis architecture
- Use of congresses on the roofs of palaces
- Use of stone and cement as materials
- Use of Persepolis symbols
With the elimination and modification of neoclassical and archaic tendencies in the second Pahlavi period (in the years 1942 to 1979), serious changes in the style of architecture also occur.
The greatest emphasis in this period is on the practicality of designs and urbanization is growing very rapidly.
Unlike the first Pahlavi period, which was the dominant component of architecture in Iran, influenced by the three trends of late Qajar architecture and neoclassical (architectural style) and modern, modern architecture was the dominant architectural trend in the second Pahlavi period.
Influenced by the work of Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright, Aloe Vera Alto, Richard Neutra, and James Sterling, modern interior design emerged and was called Iranian quasi-modernist architecture.
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Extraversion
The main cause of shape changes in the architecture of the Pahlavi period is the phenomenon of extraversion versus introversion.
In the pre-Pahlavi period, the Qajar period, the main feature of architecture and interior design was introversion, but the main feature of Pahlavi architecture was extroversion.
In the architecture of this period, windows were very important and were unveiled for the first time, and the balcony was also a symbol of the architecture of the palace and the season of kings, and it can be said that it was considered royal architecture. Newly constructed streets and alleys were opened.
For a long time, introversion was the main feature of Iranian architecture and naturally influenced the way of life, and for this reason, it led to the formation of private and public spaces.
Over time and during the Pahlavi era, extroversion replaced introversion, and the appearance of buildings and architectural structures changed, and decorations increased on the outside, but inside, many changes were formed in people’s lifestyles, and people’s personalities and interests changed a lot.
In traditional Iranian architecture, the house in a continuous, dense and introverted urban context was considered a special space for family life and usually the principle of privacy was observed in its design and construction to protect family members from the view of aliens.
